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"Ecoutez" les échos lumineux d'un trou noir

Posted By NASA, James Webb, Hubble Space Telescope Robert on 27-11-2022 22:11:45
Une nouvelle sonification transforme les Une nouvelle sonification transforme les

Description



Une nouvelle sonification transforme les "échos lumineux" des rayons X d'un trou noir en son. Des anneaux de rayons X vus par les observatoires Chandra et Swift de la NASA montrent les échos. La matière autour d'un trou noir peut générer des rafales de rayons X. Les rayons X se reflètent sur les nuages ​​de gaz et de poussière comme les faisceaux des phares peuvent le faire dans le brouillard.
Crédits : NASA/CXC/A. Hobart

 

L'une des caractéristiques surprenantes des trous noirs est que bien que la lumière (telle que la radio, le visible et les rayons X) ne puisse pas s'en échapper, la matière environnante peut produire d'intenses rafales de rayonnement électromagnétique. Lorsqu'ils se déplacent vers l'extérieur, ces explosions de lumière peuvent rebondir sur des nuages ​​​​de gaz et de poussière dans l'espace, de la même manière que les faisceaux lumineux d'un phare de voiture se dispersent sur le brouillard.

Une nouvelle sonification transforme ces « échos lumineux » du trou noir appelé V404 Cygni en son. Situé à environ 7 800 années-lumière de la Terre, V404 Cygni est un système qui contient un trou noir, d'une masse comprise entre cinq et 10 fois celle du Soleil, qui tire de la matière d'une étoile compagne en orbite autour de lui. Le matériau est canalisé dans un disque qui encercle le trou noir de masse stellaire.

Ce matériau génère périodiquement des rafales de rayonnement, y compris des rayons X. Au fur et à mesure que les rayons X se déplacent vers l'extérieur, ils rencontrent des nuages ​​de gaz et de poussière entre V404 Cygni et la Terre et sont dispersés sous différents angles. L'observatoire de rayons X Chandra de la NASA et l'observatoire Neil Gehrels Swift ont imagé les échos de rayons X autour de V404 Cygni. Parce que les astronomes savent exactement à quelle vitesse la lumière se déplace et ont déterminé une distance précise par rapport à ce système, ils peuvent calculer quand ces éruptions se sont produites. Ces données, ainsi que d'autres informations, aident les astronomes à en savoir plus sur les nuages ​​de poussière, y compris leur composition et leurs distances.


La sonification de V404 Cygni traduit les données de rayons X de Chandra et Swift en son. Pendant la sonification, le curseur se déplace vers l'extérieur du centre de l'image dans un cercle. Lorsqu'il passe à travers les échos lumineux détectés dans les rayons X (vus comme des anneaux concentriques en bleu par Chandra et en rouge par Swift dans l'image), il y a des sons semblables à des tiques et des changements de volume pour indiquer la détection des rayons X et le variations de luminosité. Pour différencier les données des deux télescopes, les données Chandra sont représentées par des tonalités à haute fréquence tandis que les données Swift sont plus basses. En plus des rayons X, l'image comprend des données optiques du Digitized Sky Survey qui montre les étoiles d'arrière-plan. Chaque étoile en lumière optique déclenche une note de musique. Le volume et la hauteur de la note sont déterminés par la luminosité de l'étoile.

Plus de sonifications de données astronomiques, ainsi que des informations supplémentaires sur le processus, peuvent être trouvées sur le site Web "A Universe of Sound": https://chandra.si.edu/sound/

Ces sonifications ont été dirigées par le Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) et incluses dans le cadre du programme Universe of Learning (UoL) de la NASA. La collaboration a été menée par la scientifique en visualisation Kimberly Arcand (CXC), l'astrophysicien Matt Russo et le musicien Andrew Santaguida (tous deux du projet SYSTEM Sounds). Le Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA gère le programme Chandra. Le centre de rayons X Chandra du Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory contrôle la science depuis Cambridge, Massachusetts, et les opérations aériennes depuis Burlington, Massachusetts. Le matériel Universe of Learning de la NASA est basé sur des travaux soutenus par la NASA dans le cadre de l'accord de coopération numéro NNX16AC65A avec le Space Telescope Science Institute, en partenariat avec Caltech / IPAC, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, et le Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

 

 

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Tags: james webb, nasa, esa, mission artemis, lescope, lescope spatial hubble, next steps to return mars

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